careful to understand precisely what Paul means in referring to works of law. It is one thing to say Paul criticizes legalism; it is quite another to say that the specific phrase “works of law” should be defined as legalism. It is unlikely that Paul intends to say that no one is justified by legalism (Rom. 3:20; cf. Gal. 3:10). I will argue below that a more convincing explanation is available. Third, those who support the New Perspective on Paul, such as J. D. G. Dunn (retired New Testament scholar